Substance use is not just an individual struggle; it’s a societal issue that touches families, communities, and front-line institutions. The intersection of substance use and stigma creates significant barriers to recovery, often leading to criminalization rather than support. To develop effective and compassionate policies, it is essential to understand the human experiences behind these statistics.
This is why Elevyst, in partnership with RIWI, conducted a comprehensive survey to capture the voices of Pennsylvanians directly impacted by substance use and the criminal justice system. This research provides a nuanced perspective on public perceptions, stigma, and the challenges faced by those working within the criminal justice system.
Listening to Pennsylvanians
Using a Random Device Engagement methodology, the RDIT-powered survey anonymously captured the perspectives of over 5,000 Pennsylvanians and 357 criminal justice professionals. The survey explored their experiences, perceptions of stigma, and attitudes toward substance use and recovery.
RDIT allows for precise geo-targeting by country, region, state, and city, without collecting or storing any personally identifiable information. Respondents can exit surveys at any time, ensuring that no data is gathered from non-participants. This anonymity makes RDIT particularly effective for researching socially sensitive topics.
By reaching a diverse audience across the state, including those who may not typically participate in surveys, Elevyst captured a representative dataset that accurately reflects public views on substance use and the criminal justice system.
The Reality of Substance Use and Stigma
These findings provide insight into the widespread impact of substance use and the deep-rooted stigma that accompanies it:
- 75% of Pennsylvanians have direct or indirect contact with someone struggling with substance use.
- 54% believe it is better to keep their distance from individuals with substance use challenges.
- 31% admit to feeling fear toward people who struggle with drugs or alcohol.
This stigma extends into the criminal justice system (CJS):
- 53% of CJS workers believe it is better to maintain a distance from individuals with substance use issues, mirroring public sentiment.
- 70% agree that an obligation to provide treatment exists but are divided on whether incarceration is effective for rehabilitation.
These perceptions contribute to a cycle of isolation, impeding recovery and leading to continued involvement with the criminal justice system.
Breaking the Cycle of Stigma and Incarceration
Understanding public perceptions and stigma is essential for developing effective policies. The survey found that stigma not only isolates individuals but also discourages them from seeking help, perpetuating a cycle of shame and marginalization.
Additionally, racial disparities in criminal justice outcomes were evident: people of color in Pennsylvania are disproportionately affected by substance-related offenses, influencing their perceptions of fairness within the system.
- Only 37% of individuals with direct or indirect contact with the CJS view it as fair, compared to 62% of those without contact.
- 48% of the general public believe that incarceration and probation are ineffective in helping people recover from substance use disorders.
These findings underscore the need for a shift from punitive measures to a more compassionate, evidence-based approach that prioritizes recovery and reintegration.
Turning Insights into Action
The survey revealed broad public support for policies that prioritize treatment and recovery over punishment:
- 83% of Pennsylvanians favor addressing social issues like substance use and homelessness over strengthening law enforcement.
- 61% support increasing government funding for treatment and recovery services.
- 66% believe that people who are incarcerated should have access to medications for opioid use disorder (MOUDs).
These insights provide a roadmap for policymakers to develop compassionate, effective solutions that address the root causes of substance use and promote recovery.
Understanding public perceptions is the first step in breaking the cycle of stigma and criminalization.
At RIWI, we believe that listening to all voices, especially those often unheard, is key to meaningful social change. By amplifying these voices, we can contribute to a more inclusive, compassionate society.
Read the full report by Elevyst here.
